The turbocharger on the car applies the same working principle as the piston engine. A turbocharger usually consists of a turbine section and a compressor section. A turbine section has a turbine wheel to convert the energy and a turbine housing to protect it.
The turbine housing is meant to guide the exhaust gas into the turbine wheel. The energy released from the exhaust gas causes the turbine wheel to spin, so the gas leaves the turbine housing through an exhaust outlet area.
Now, the compressor section also includes the compressor wheel to convert some of the energy and the compressor housing for protection. The mode of action of the compressor is opposite to that of the turbine.
A compressor wheel is connected to the turbine by a forged steel shaft, and as the turbine turns the compressor wheel, the high-velocity spinning draws the air and compresses it.
Then, the compressor housing turns the high-velocity, low-pressure air stream into a high-pressure, low-velocity air stream by a process termed diffusion. And finally, compressed air is pushed into the engine, causing the engine to burn more fuel to produce more energy.
